A total of 25 of 32 (78.1%) isolates were associated with onychomycosis. S. versicolor is an obsolete synonym of this species. PMC Mold Inspection, Identification and Control. The Scopulariopsis species are known to be pathogens causing superficial mycotic infections, such as onychomycosis . Med Mycol. No pigmentation of the hyphae was noted on the H&E stain. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Scopulariopsis species and their Microascus teleomorphs are cosmopolitan fungi that are uncommonly associated with invasive disease. Disclaimer. [8][10] The fungus is a typical perithecial member of Phylum Ascomycota, producing minute, enclosed fruiting bodies containing sexual spores (ascospores) in sacs known as asci. (d and f) Asci and ascospores. Optimal treatment of these fungal infections is unknown. Emphasis is placed on the diagnostic criteria used to identify cases of invasive Scopulariopsis infection including histopathology, positive culture for Scopulariopsis (Microascus species), and laboratory methods used for confirmation identification of the species. Fungal planet description sheets: 400468. Briefly, the colonies were covered with 5 ml of distilled sterile water containing 1% Tween 20 (Sigma-Aldrich Quimica). An official website of the United States government. Additionally, this report provides a unique focused perspective on the tissue findings and the laboratory methods used to confirm the identification of the Scopulariopsis (Microascus) species from culture. As most moulds require the presence of an underlying nail condition to penetrate the nail, definitive diagnosis can be challenging. This genus is a mould that lacks a known sexual state and thus belongs to the Fungi Imperfecti. 2010;107:1374813753. Would you like email updates of new search results? See also the detailed description page for this genus. 2021 Mar 9;7(3):192. doi: 10.3390/jof7030192. & Samson; Microascaceae; Microascus; Microascus atrogriseus Woudenb. Thus, it is possible that isolates identified as S. brumptii may be misidentified and in fact represent a teleomorphic species. The causative agent in this case was identified as S. brumptii. Based on recent phylogenetic studies, which resulted in multiple name changes, the aim is to molecularly identify the Scopulariopsis and scopulariopsis-like species which occur in the indoor environment and give an overview of the current species in these genera and their habitats. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. [15] Microascus brevicaulis is also known to cause granulomatous skin infections in humans. These fungi belong to the ascomycete family Microascaceae, which also includes well known opportunistic pathogens within the genera Scedosporium and Pseudallescheria [13]. & Samson; Yunnania; Yunnania carbonaria (F.J. Morton & G. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. A. Gmez-Lpez is Fellow of the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (grant 99/198). [4][12] This is the most prevalent disease affecting human nails but M. brevicaulis has been isolated from healthy nails as well as diseased ones, indicating that it could be a harmless contaminant in some situations but behave as an opportunistic pathogen in others. Bookshelf Amend A.S., Seifert K.A., Samson R., Bruns T.D. The histopathological findings from tissue for our new case were similar to those observed with fungi such as the Aspergillus, Fusarium and Scedosporium species, i.e., the presence of hyaline branching septate hyphae. If you have any concerns with your skin or its treatment, see a dermatologist for advice. Excludes infections of the eye. Ten species which are found indoor are also found in relation with human-derived samples. InScopulariopsis,annellides may be solitary, in groups, or organised into a distinct penicillus. 2012 Aug;50(6):561-9. doi: 10.3109/13693786.2012.675629. Aguilar et al. 2012;66(3):494502. The isolate was tolerant of cycloheximide as determined by its equivalent growth on medium containing cycloheximide. A disseminated disease type is described as an infection involving multiple organ systems or necrotic lesions involving two or more noncontiguous sites. All isolates grew on cycloheximide-containing medium and formed spreading colonies on 2% malt extract agar. Jagielski T, Kosim K, Skra M, Macura AB, Bielecki J. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. Sandoval-Denis M, Gen J, Sutton DA, Cano-Lira JF, de Hoog GS, Decock CA, Wiederhold NP, Guarro J. Persoonia. Online ahead of print. Overall, the most common species identified was S. brevicaulis (13 cases) followed by M. cinereus (4 cases), M. cirrosus and S. acremonium (3 cases each), S. brumptii (2 cases), and S. candida (1 case). Scale bars = 10 m. evaluated tissue using the Fontana-Masson stain but was not able to demonstrate melanin in the tissue [32]. Scopulariopsis has been recovered from culturable air, spore trap, and dust samples. Non-dermatophyte mould onychomycosis (NDMO) is an opportunistic fungal nail infection (onychomycosis) caused by moulds. The most prevalent species was Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (49.4%), followed by Scopulariopsis gracilis (14.4%), Scopulariopsis brumptii (7.2%), Microascus cinereus (5.2%), the Scopulariopsis candida species complex (3.1%), and Microascus cirrosus (2.1%). 2013). The most common specimen for diagnosis in all cases was from a deep cutaneous source (11 cases) followed by heart tissue (8 cases), and sinus tissue (5 cases). We describe a case of an immunocompetent 65-year-old male with a history of mitral valve repair with prosthetic ring placement who developed acute left posterior knee pain. Wu S, Wu J, Wang Y, Qu Y, He Y, Wang J, Cheng J, Zhang L, Cheng C. Front Plant Sci. They are commonly found in soil and air, and in plant litter, paper, wood, dung and animal remains [ 1, 2 ]. [17] These infections appear as red bumps or (less commonly ridges) around the patients hands and feet. Flucytosine and itraconazole were inactive in vitro, and MICs of amphotericin B, voriconazole, and terbinafine for all isolates were high, with geometric means of 13, 25.8, and 14.4 g/ml, respectively. Six cases were considered valid but not further evaluated since none described microscopic analysis of the mold in tissue or had positive cultures from normally sterile sites (5 cases were culture positive from a respiratory specimen [4246] and 1 case described reproductive structures of Scopulariopsis in pleural fluid without a positive culture [47]). All fungi produced detectable growth after 48 to 72 h of incubation. Masoniella is an obsolete synonym of this genus. Yeast. Mycobiology. 8600 Rockville Pike Hyphomycetes. Front Microbiol. Masoniella grisea is an obsolete synonym of this species. 2016 Apr;120(4):586-602. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2016.01.014. Once again, the term basocatenate can be used to describe such chains of conidia where the youngest conidium is at the basal end of the chain. Human Hyalohyphomycoses: A Review of Human Infections Due to Acremonium spp., Paecilomyces spp., Penicilliumspp., and Scopulariopsis spp. -, Boriov K., eransky S., Matr P. Bioaccumulation and biovolatilization of various elements using filamentous fungus Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. Bootstrap support values of 70/Bayesian posterior probability scores of 0.95 are indicated on the nodes. A genus phylogeny based on the ITS, tef1 and the large subunit 28S nrDNA (LSU) of the type or representative isolates of all here recognised species is provided depicting all species habitats. The ascospores of M. brevicaulis are kidney-shaped and reddish-brown in colour. Although environmental molds such as Aspergillus, Fusarium and Scedosporium species are the more common molds recognized as causing disease in this patient group, other rare molds such as Scopulariopsis (Microascus) species have emerged as causes of invasive disease and are causing major issues in the management of these immunocompromised patients [49]. [3][4], Most of the discussion of this fungus in the scientific and medical literature has referred to the fungus using the name of its asexual form, or anamorph, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. Morphological description: Since the isolate was not isolated prior to death, no antifungal susceptibility testing was performed. Visagie CM, Boekhout T, Theelen B, Dijksterhuis J, Yilmaz N, Seifert KA. Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (22 indoor isolates) and Microascus melanosporus (19 indoor isolates) are the most common indoor species, in number of isolates, followed by M. paisii (8 indoor isolates) and S. candida (7 indoor isolates). The most prevalent species was Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (49.4%), followed by Scopulariopsis gracilis (14.4%), Scopulariopsis brumptii (7.2%), Microascus cinereus (5.2%), the Scopulariopsis candida species complex (3.1%), and Microascus cirrosus (2.1%). Then, the conidia were carefully rubbed with a sterile cotton swab (Collection swab; EUROTUBO, Madrid, Spain) and transferred to a sterile tube; the resulting suspensions were homogenized for 15 s with a gyratory vortex mixer at 2,000 rpm (MS 1 Minishaker; IFA, Cultek, Madrid, Spain). These plates contained twofold serial dilutions of the antifungal drugs and two drug-free medium wells for sterility and growth controls. Based on recent phylogenetic studies, which resulted in multiple name changes, the aim is to molecularly identify the Scopulariopsis and . In conclusion, this report expands the clinical conditions in which invasive Scopulariopsis infections occur and provides an extensive review of the diagnostic methods used to identify cases of invasive Scopulariopsis reported in the literature. Aspergillus infection Common findings between our case and other Scopulariopsis cases reviewed were the presence of irregularly-shaped hyphae along with swollen thick-walled structures, angioinvasiveness and necrotic tissue formation (Table 2). Synonyms and Teleomorph-Anamorph Relationships Masoniella is an obsolete synonym of this genus Species in this genus Scopulariopsis acremonium A bronchoscopy was performed on Day 65 post-HSCT with a diagnosis of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage subsequently treated with the immunosuppressant etanercept. 8600 Rockville Pike At this time, the patient was receiving immunosuppressants (mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, steroids and etanercept), as well as oral prophylactic voriconazole (200 mg twice daily), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and acyclovir since the HSCT. S. brevicaulis is an annellidic hyphomycete belonging to the division Ascomycota. For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Four of the more recent reports described the use of genomic sequencing methods to confirm the species identification (Cases 23, 26, 27, and 32). Copy edited by Gus Mitchell. 2021 Nov 4;12:737140. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.737140. Braddley et al., although not describing pigmented hyphae in tissue in a case of M. cinereus-caused disease (Case 18), emphasized the importance of holding cultures of dematiaceous Scopulariopsis species for up to 6 weeks to allow for development of ascomata and ascospores because most of the dematiaceous species have been recognized as teleomorphs in the genus Microascus [19]. Multiple specimen sources were represented to verify disseminated disease in nine cases with blood reported as positive in four of these cases (Cases 3, 21, 31, and 32). (2003) on phylogenetic relationships of Scopulariopsis species, we used LSU rDNA region to position the cheese strains within Scopulariopsis and we sequenced TUB and tef1 genes on a subset of closely related species for better species delimitation. Accessibility Food Environ Virol. 2). Scopulariopsis species Several dark Scopulariopsis species are agents of disease, including Scopulariopsis asperula and S. fusca inciting onychymycosis, and S. brumptii in the lung.
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